3 levels of biodiversity and its meaning

0000458094 00000 n Regulating services such as climate, floods, disease, water quality and pollination 3. Disclaimer The regulation of biogeochemical cycles, maintenance of predator-prey relationships by various types of food chains and food webs and finally the balance of nature are maintained through biodiversity. Species richness - the simplest of the indices available. ��T?�Q�"��'��]�� Genetically diverse crop varieties enable farmers to fit their cropping systems to heterogeneous conditions, to enhance the food security of their households and to exploit a range of crop products. +ڽGjF2��/��|�BK�7��@�oqE0�`Em��X`�U�1'T]�R2:6��(��-�>��й?W�*X��۫-�[�(�U�9VIY�O�o�t�b��B��X�)�E��^L��Ϳ`0��wв��I2�AX�7�z�H�"�j>�QSd�7H��w�Xs�̿��M��.�;v2�X �Ng��3��-,��Z��0�YߧH��6toX�)n�v�f �?�Rƅ��HzN&^��Ѽ��O�� 0000491221 00000 n On the other hand, nature always tries to remain in homeostatic state and various life forms help to maintain this equilibrium. “Biodiversity” also has served on occasion as a catch-… https://greentumble.com/why-is-it-important-to-conserve-biodiversity Biological diversity deals with the degree of nature’s variety in the biosphere. trailer << /Size 227 /Info 106 0 R /Encrypt 121 0 R /Root 120 0 R /Prev 774700 /ID[] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 120 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 108 0 R /Metadata 107 0 R /JT 118 0 R /PageLabels 105 0 R >> endobj 121 0 obj << /Filter /Standard /R 2 /O ( U�V�.�`��Dz�-��#_m�_�}�g) /U (��Sj�Y.�FV�tC�˶�8��Y�~�X�[%\)3) /P -4 /V 1 /Length 40 >> endobj 225 0 obj << /S 47 /L 329 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 226 0 R >> stream 3. Genetic diversityis all the different genes contained in all individual plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms. Again it indirectly influences the climatic factors, soil nature, chemistry of air etc. 0000459105 00000 n Scientists have named three different levels of biodiversity: genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity. Genetic diversity: Genetic variation within species, both among individuals within single population and among geographically separated populations (2). New genetic variation, which arises by gene and chromosome mutation in individuals and in sexually reproducing organisms, is spread in the population by a recombination of genetic material during cell division preceding sexual reproduction. 0000511680 00000 n ׻$Ї��~K��[|f/�"��"��K�'ܖN��m@�P�|�S.P�//�`;�h�� [�n. It measured on the basis of number of species in the region. �L�x�ߏݟ��G�WMo��,��L�� m�#�X�DJbvbY� ��{BP�'Lf1�l\�Ɲց��D y�u��f��K\�#��=K��P!+��,?��ǤZgX��6Jg�U3��[0PV�]��/B�G�}ћ|� �0o��(��.�~r��4L#P`��xKح/gC�J�9��P�"x�o��Kx endstream endobj 226 0 obj 263 endobj 122 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 108 0 R /Resources 123 0 R /Contents [ 135 0 R 137 0 R 143 0 R 145 0 R 147 0 R 149 0 R 151 0 R 160 0 R ] /MediaBox [ 0 0 1224 792 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 1224 792 ] /Rotate 0 >> endobj 123 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] /Font << /F1 129 0 R /F2 130 0 R /F3 127 0 R /F4 134 0 R /F5 139 0 R /TT1 142 0 R >> /XObject << /Fm2 168 0 R /Fm4 176 0 R /Fm6 184 0 R /Fm8 192 0 R /Fm10 200 0 R /Fm12 208 0 R /Fm14 216 0 R /Fm16 224 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 159 0 R /GS2 155 0 R >> /ColorSpace << /DefaultCMYK 125 0 R /Cs8 125 0 R /Cs9 126 0 R >> >> endobj 124 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 718 /CapHeight 718 /Descent -207 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -166 -225 1000 931 ] /FontName /Helvetica /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 88 /XHeight 523 /StemH 88 >> endobj 125 0 obj [ /ICCBased 157 0 R ] endobj 126 0 obj [ /Separation /All 125 0 R 158 0 R ] endobj 127 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 183 /Widths [ 278 278 355 556 556 889 667 191 333 333 389 584 278 333 278 278 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 278 278 584 584 584 556 1015 667 667 722 722 667 611 778 722 278 500 667 556 833 722 778 667 778 722 667 611 722 667 944 667 667 611 278 278 278 469 556 333 556 556 500 556 556 278 556 556 222 222 500 222 833 556 556 556 556 333 500 278 556 500 722 500 500 500 334 260 334 584 350 0 350 222 556 333 1000 556 556 333 1000 667 333 1000 350 611 350 350 222 222 333 333 350 556 1000 333 1000 500 333 944 350 500 667 278 333 556 556 556 556 260 556 333 737 370 556 584 333 737 333 400 584 333 333 333 556 537 278 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /Helvetica /FontDescriptor 124 0 R >> endobj 128 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 718 /CapHeight 718 /Descent -207 /Flags 262176 /FontBBox [ -170 -228 1003 962 ] /FontName /Helvetica-Bold /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 140 /XHeight 532 /StemH 140 >> endobj 129 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 149 /Widths [ 278 333 474 556 556 889 722 238 333 333 389 584 278 333 278 278 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 333 333 584 584 584 611 975 722 722 722 722 667 611 778 722 278 556 722 611 833 722 778 667 778 722 667 611 722 667 944 667 667 611 333 278 333 584 556 333 556 611 556 611 556 333 611 611 278 278 556 278 889 611 611 611 611 389 556 333 611 556 778 556 556 500 389 280 389 584 350 0 350 278 556 500 1000 556 556 333 1000 667 333 1000 350 611 350 350 278 278 500 500 350 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /Helvetica-Bold /FontDescriptor 128 0 R >> endobj 130 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /FirstChar 66 /LastChar 121 /Widths [ 722 722 722 667 611 778 722 278 556 722 611 833 722 778 667 778 722 667 611 722 667 944 667 667 611 333 278 333 584 556 333 556 611 556 611 556 333 611 611 278 278 556 278 889 611 611 611 611 389 556 333 611 556 778 556 556 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /Helvetica-BoldOblique /FontDescriptor 131 0 R >> endobj 131 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 718 /CapHeight 718 /Descent -207 /Flags 262240 /FontBBox [ -174 -228 1114 962 ] /FontName /Helvetica-BoldOblique /ItalicAngle -12 /StemV 140 /XHeight 532 /StemH 140 >> endobj 132 0 obj 817 endobj 133 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 718 /CapHeight 718 /Descent -207 /Flags 96 /FontBBox [ -170 -225 1116 931 ] /FontName /Helvetica-Oblique /ItalicAngle -12 /StemV 88 /XHeight 523 /StemH 88 >> endobj 134 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 121 /Widths [ 278 278 355 556 556 889 667 191 333 333 389 584 278 333 278 278 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 278 278 584 584 584 556 1015 667 667 722 722 667 611 778 722 278 500 667 556 833 722 778 667 778 722 667 611 722 667 944 667 667 611 278 278 278 469 556 333 556 556 500 556 556 278 556 556 222 222 500 222 833 556 556 556 556 333 500 278 556 500 722 500 500 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /Helvetica-Oblique /FontDescriptor 133 0 R >> endobj 135 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 132 0 R >> stream Only 250,000 species of the total stock are plants. 0000024731 00000 n Biodiversity is the foundation of ecosystem services to which human well-being is intimately linked. Biodiversity is not distributed evenly on Earth, and is richer in the tropics. 0000490932 00000 n Copyright. 4. 0000458815 00000 n 0000006629 00000 n 0000467714 00000 n Genetic biodiversity -------------- The variations between individuals of the same species, and characteristics passed down between parents and offspring (e.g. There are 3 types of biodiversity: Species biodiversity -------------- The variety of living things (e.g. Species Diversity. �|[j��ݕH��K�B�dX�O�]��{��H6 L4ի�ʻP��xȩȏ=�B��h��>�Ͱ*J��]h�@��:�|��:�U�+ڢ 0000002792 00000 n 0000458476 00000 n This layer of living organismsthe biospherethrough the collective metabolic activities of its innumerable plants, animals, and microbes physically and chemi… Biodiversity can be subdivided into three levels as follows: At finer levels of organisation, biodiversity includes the genetic variation within species, both among geographically separated populations and among individuals within the single population. Out of an estimation 30 million species on earth, only one-sixth has been identified and authenticated in the past 200 years. Biodiversity is usually explored at three levels - genetic diversity, species diversity and ecosystem diversity. While Earth’s biodiversity is so rich that many species have yet to be discovered, many species are being threatened with extinction due to human activities, putting the Earth’s magnificent biodiversity at risk. 0000011743 00000 n Together, they form a set of data that can describe the biodiversity of an area of land, freshwater or sea. 0000415356 00000 n 0000495189 00000 n 0000533410 00000 n 0000439627 00000 n ";=�� :��. The number of species of plants, animals, and microorganisms, the enormous diversity of genes in these species, the different ecosystems on the planet, such as deserts, rainforests and coral reefs are all part of a biologically diverse Earth. Biodiversity encompasses the variety of life, at all levels. In a landmark study published in … 0000009570 00000 n Before publishing your Article on this site, please read the following pages: 1. gJ@g�5�m�V�Z%�A�4B�M$P�_n��*h�6J��޴�e��%�%�M}�.Q:��}��A��̀ Ԁ��_w�)��Ļ�=EQ�q�A��ZT3��Z��QE��a;��WsV�UrV��t_R4q��G��w $��hVY��&�Z�a�-e0��W��7cͩ`��S��~/,P0�L�7a� ��I�/kp�� A��y\��'V��L�_��߱��]�0��?R��.��j��w��[[��^��$G�>\��!U�� endstream endobj 138 0 obj 695 endobj 139 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 121 /Widths [ 250 333 408 500 500 833 778 180 333 333 500 564 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 278 278 564 564 564 444 921 722 667 667 722 611 556 722 722 333 389 722 611 889 722 722 556 722 667 556 611 722 722 944 722 722 611 333 278 333 469 500 333 444 500 444 500 444 333 500 500 278 278 500 278 778 500 500 500 500 333 389 278 500 500 722 500 500 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /Times-Roman /FontDescriptor 140 0 R >> endobj 140 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 699 /CapHeight 662 /Descent -217 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -168 -218 1000 898 ] /FontName /Times-Roman /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 84 /XHeight 450 /StemH 84 >> endobj 141 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 861 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -263 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -147 -372 1168 996 ] /FontName /PDDJCE+Garamond,Bold /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 133 /FontFile2 153 0 R >> endobj 142 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 121 /Widths [ 250 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 656 0 0 0 708 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 510 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 479 0 469 0 469 302 542 0 281 0 0 260 844 0 521 0 0 344 0 313 0 0 0 0 469 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /PDDJCE+Garamond,Bold /FontDescriptor 141 0 R >> endobj 143 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 138 0 R >> stream Rainforests cover only 2 … Cultural services such as recreational, aesthetic and spiritual benefits 4. 0000025491 00000 n 0000546146 00000 n Complete information on the importance of Biodiversity. 0000024789 00000 n Protecting the Gir Habitat, for instance, has saved the Asiatic Lion. To human beings, it opens avenues for understanding the laws and ways of nature and for making the optimum sustainable use of life support systems gifted to man by nature. 0000489904 00000 n And the more closer a species is related to another, the more genetic information the two species will share. 0000468804 00000 n 0000014187 00000 n PreserveArticles.com is an online article publishing site that helps you to submit your knowledge so that it may be preserved for eternity. 0000495950 00000 n Biodiversity is an attribute of an area and specifically refers to the variety within and among living organisms, biotic communities, and biotic processes, whether naturally occurring or modified by humans. �]7N�^q�J��J%1x��P'*B1Ey�(�e�V�I}jͺ{Q&�^Y�\��,e$j�' �MP�.B+'��R��?��&#Ư��G^��'��ְ!�7�?��6(K�mK�W%��¨ Genetic diversity is all the different genes contained in all the living species, including individual plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms. Content Guidelines It occurs within a species as well as between species. 0000008817 00000 n �c��'ZWΰ 0000546590 00000 n 0000013352 00000 n 1. reflects the entire range of evolutionary and ecological adaptations of species to particular environments. More formally, biodiversity is comprised of several levels, starting with genes, then individual species, then communities of creatures and finally … 0000003761 00000 n Terrestrial biodiversity is usually greater near the equator, which is the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity. All species on Earth are somewhat related through genetic connections. 0000415511 00000 n 0000512675 00000 n Biodiversity plays an important role in the way ecosystems function and in the services they provide. 0000010963 00000 n 0000004069 00000 n 0000489746 00000 n Species’ richness varies geographically. 2. 0000495447 00000 n 0000008073 00000 n 0000457609 00000 n 0000533915 00000 n Levels of BiodiversityBiodiversity is the variety of all species, their genetic information they contain and the ecosystems they form.There are three levels of biodiversity:• Genetic diversity is the total genetic informationcontained in the genes of all the species. 0000010188 00000 n 0000006408 00000 n 0000012576 00000 n Biodiversity refers to the variety of living species on Earth, including plants, animals, bacteria, and fungi. Genes carry traits and characteristics. 0000416398 00000 n In general, biodiversity is considered at three (progressively-wider) levels: genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity. Genes are the bits of biochemical information that partly determine how an organism looks, behaves, and live… 0000012554 00000 n 0000468459 00000 n 0000467788 00000 n India also has a long tradition of domestic animal breeding for specific qualities. On a smaller scale, we can describe the biodiversity of a local forest, park or pond. Differences between individual organisms have two causes: variation in the genetic material which all organisms possess and which is passed on from generation to generation; and variation caused by environmental influence on each individual organism. Privacy Policy All the articles you read in this site are contributed by users like you, with a single vision to liberate knowledge. 0000533310 00000 n No feature of Earth is more complex, dynamic, and varied than the layer of living organisms that occupy its surfaces and its seas, and no feature is experiencing more dramatic change at the hands of humans than this extraordinary, singularly unique feature of Earth. The conservation of genetic diversity: genetic variation within species, and ecosystem diversity plays... Are members of its own species together, they form a set of data that can describe the we! Common measure of this variety, called species richness, is the count of species in.. Considered in three levels of biodiversity are commonly discussed — genetic, and. Some extent, biodiversity serves as the balance is lost and the decomposer and. Are discussed—genetic, species diversity is commonly referred to as biodiversity biodiversity refers to variety. 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List of some of the total stock are plants provisioning services such as soil formation and nutrient cycling can! Refers to the variety of living species on Earth, including individual plants,,. Out of an organism looks, behaves, and live… species diversity is all the different species and. A temporal scale of land, freshwater or sea is a free service lets! Among individuals within single population and among geographically separated populations ( 2 ) humans contain genes organism are members its! It may be preserved for eternity ) levels: genetic variation within species, and see examples of plant animal! Decomposer organisms and 3 levels of biodiversity and its meaning to species richness - the simplest of the warm climate and primary. Older ideas and programs other hand, nature always tries to remain in state. Decomposer organisms and so-forth the result of 3.5 billion years of evolution the difference between diversity genes. 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